If iron deficiency is suspected, the first step is to have the suspicion checked and the cause investigated. Fatigue, shortness of breath on exertion or palpitations can fit, but also have other causes. Iron deficiency and anaemia are not the same thing either.
What should be investigated?
Depending on symptoms and medical history, a blood count and measures of iron status such as ferritin can be useful. Ferritin reflects iron stores but can be raised by inflammation. A laboratory result therefore needs to be interpreted in context; a single number is not suitable for self-diagnosis.
Possible causes include blood loss, for example from heavy periods or the gastrointestinal tract, low intake and absorption disorders. Simply adding iron does not resolve an underlying source of bleeding.
What helps when deficiency is confirmed?
Whether an iron preparation is needed, which one, how long it is used and when follow-up takes place should be decided individually. What matters is the amount of elemental iron it contains, not just the weight of the iron compound. Several iron-containing products should not be combined unknowingly.
Iron can cause gastrointestinal discomfort and interact with medicines. The treating practice or pharmacy should clarify a suitable schedule. General dosages found online are particularly unsuitable during pregnancy, for children and with existing medical conditions.
Pulses, wholegrain foods and other iron-containing foods can contribute to intake. An adapted diet complements treatment; it is not a promise to resolve a pronounced deficiency within a fixed time.
Frequently asked questions
Can I take iron as a precaution against fatigue?
This is not sensible without establishing a need. Persistent fatigue and suspected blood loss should be investigated. Chest pain, pronounced breathlessness or fainting require urgent medical help.
What matters for children?
Iron preparations must be kept out of children’s reach. An accidental overdose can be dangerous, especially for children. If suspected, contact a poison information centre or medical help immediately, do not wait for symptoms and do not induce vomiting.
Read more: understanding iron deficiency and iron deficiency and menstruation.
