In brief: In ICD-11, burnout is described as an occupational phenomenon rather than a standalone medical condition.[1] Its core dimensions are exhaustion, increased mental distance or cynicism toward work, and reduced professional efficacy.
Typical burnout features
| Area | Examples |
|---|---|
| Exhaustion | Persistent low energy, poor recovery |
| Distance/cynicism | Detachment, irritability, negative attitude to work |
| Efficacy | Feeling less effective or unable to meet demands |
| Associated symptoms | Sleep, concentration and physical complaints |
Burnout is not the same as depression
Symptoms can overlap. Depression is not limited to work and may include persistent low mood, loss of interest and other symptoms.
What can contribute?
Chronic overload, low control, unclear roles, conflict, insufficient recovery and sustained work pressure can all play a part.
What can help?
- Review workload and priorities.
- Protect sleep and recovery time.
- Use support from managers, occupational health or therapy.
- Seek professional care when impairment persists.
When rapid help is needed
Suicidal thoughts, severe depression, panic, inability to function or escalating substance use require prompt professional help.
FAQ
Is burnout a disease?
WHO classifies it as an occupational phenomenon, not a standalone disease.
Can burnout cause physical symptoms?
Yes.
Is a holiday enough?
Not always.
When is therapy useful?
When symptoms persist, impair daily life or overlap with depression or anxiety.
Conclusion
Burnout is a serious work-related stress phenomenon. Early recognition, reducing load and seeking support when needed are key.
